Trends in Human Resource Management - 1143 Words

Trends in Human Resource Management Teaming across organizational boundaries appears to be a hallmark of companies in transformation. In fact, a number of companies these days have eliminated many of the traditional organizational boundaries entirely. Project teams instead of traditional managers organize work, and workers are even able to join teams based on their competencies and interest. These are just some of the changes being made as the United States quickly transforms from an industrial society to a service society. Instead of the boss being the CEO the boss is now becoming the customer. As our company structures change thus does the roles of our Humane Resource departments. In the following paragraphs we will discuss some of†¦show more content†¦According to chapter 2 of the Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, the 2006 workforce will be 72 percent white (and non-Hispanic), 11 percent black, 12 percent Hispanic, and 5 percent Asian and other minorities. This diversity in the U.S. labor forc e is a major challenge to employers to create HRM (Human Resource Management) practices that ensure they fully utilize the talents, skills, and values of all employees. Diverse work environments force organizations to make certain of cultures that value diversity ensuring that HRM systems are bias-free, encouraging career development for women and minorities, promoting knowledge and acceptance of cultural differences, ensuring involvement in education both within and outside the organization, and dealing with employees resistance to diversity (Trends page 34). The most common approaches to insuring a diverse workforce are recruiting with an effort to increase diversity and training programs to insure that current employees can deal with the new sundry labor force. Some employers are even adding benefits such as daycare, eldercare and flexible work schedules to attract diverse employees. E-Business The fast pace of change in Information Technology creates several challenges for HRM. HR expertise is an important asset especially with the struggle to start an E-Business. IT is a very competitive field in itself making it hard to find talented people that are the veryShow MoreRelatedCurrent Trends in Human Resource Management1494 Words   |  6 Pagescurrent Trends in Human Resource Management Business leaders need to be aware of the trends that will impact the operating environment in the future. Trends offer clues about how the operating environment will change. concept these shifts will allow luminous CEO’s and managers to adapt and thrive. This is especially accurate in the dwelling of Human Resources management since people are one of the most principal resources to any enterprise. Here are five accepted trends in Human Resources managementRead MoreTrends And Implications Of Human Resource Management764 Words   |  4 PagesI. Trends and Implications Today’s organizational leaders are facing accelerating rates of volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity, all of which are showing no signs of slowing down. Whether it is the continuing digital revolution or expanding global markets, our current environment requires a constant state of innovation. For companies to continue succeeding, next generation leaders must be able to handle any curve ball thrown their way. Leading through this new business environmentRead MoreTrends And Implications Of Human Resource Management889 Words   |  4 PagesTrends and Implications Today’s organizational leaders are facing accelerating rates of volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity, all of which are showing no signs of slowing down. Whether it is the continuing digital revolution or expanding global markets, our current environment requires a constant state of innovation. For companies to continue succeeding, next generation leaders must be able to handle any curve ball thrown their way. Leading through this new business environment requiresRead MoreChallenges And Implications Of Human Resource Management1393 Words   |  6 Pages(Topic 3) Challenges and Implications Human resource management is arguably one of the most important departments in every organization. Just like other departments in the organization human resource management faces its share of challenges. One of the major challenges the department has been facing in the recent past is the trend in the mobility of human resources (Caulfield, 2010). Human resource mobility refers to the movement of employees either internally or externally. Internal mobility includesRead MoreEvolution Of Human Resource Management1046 Words   |  5 PagesEvolution of Human Resource Management The evolution of Human Resource Management has transitioned from a very simple administrative function to a very multifaceted strategic function that still includes administrative, operational, and strategic tasks in the organization. In the beginning of Human Resource Management, the roles of Human Resource personnel was mainly just to hire employees, deal with compensation, benefits, legal issues, and the firing of employees. Today, Human Resources ManagementRead MoreIntegrating Strategy and Human Resource Management Essay1207 Words   |  5 PagesChapter 4 Case - Integrating Strategy and Human Resource Management 1. Based on these descriptions of the experience of People’s Bank, Ingersoll-Rand, and Maid Bess, what is the unifying theme of the role played by human resource management? To begin with, human resource management is the process of hiring and training employees so that employees become more knowledgeable of their job tasks, and more valuable to the company. Hiring and training employees, managing payroll, performing job analysesRead MoreCurrent Trends in Education1626 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: CURRENT TRENDS IN EDUCATION Current Trends in Education Current Trends in Education The trends in human resource management and its implications for education are altering. Several trends are innovative and are a result of the economy, while others are escalating as a result of new regulations, new types of degrees and education, and the type of people employed. The purpose of this paper is to inform the reader of several of these current trends. The trends that seems the mostRead MoreEssay On Health Workforce Trends1400 Words   |  6 Pagesretirement the acute shortage of talented workforce is a major challenge before the US health care. There are a number of trends in health care that are currently affecting the workforce dynamics. The use of technology in health care has increased over time and increasingly health care organizations are adopting new technologies to make their services better. It is an important trend that has also affected the health care workforce. Increased use of Information Technology in the health care organizationsRead MoreThe Diver sity At The Workplace747 Words   |  3 Pagesancestry, ethnicity, age, gender, race, educational background, sexual orientation, marital status, religious belief, income, geographic location and work experience. The mobility in human resource trend is emerging within the competitive market that requires more strategic role on account of human resource management. Organizations may fall in dire consequences of outplaying by other competitors in strategic employment. Nowadays, workforce is no longer a set of employees (Narasimhan, 2004). It isRead MoreHR Roles and Responsibilities Paper 997 Words   |  4 Pages Human resource management is described as the policies, practices, and systems that influence employees behavior, attitudes, and performance.(Noe, R., Hollenbeck, J., Gerhert, B., Wright, P. (2003). Fundamentals of human resource management, 1e. McGraw-Hill Companies.) The human resource department is essential to the progress of an organization. When a company is equipped with a good human resource department it will tend to grow and prosper. The

Intelligence without representation Free Essays

string(147) " He declared this as his intellectual motivation however, immediately declared his non-particular interest in demonstrating how human beings work\." INTRODUCTION Professor Rodney Brooks’ vision is to create a truly intelligent machine without the aid of representation. He argued that when intelligence is approached in an incremental manner, with strict reliance on interfacing to the real world through perception and action, reliance on representation disappears. What is artificial intelligenceWhat is Brooks’ vision and his approach in achieving thisWhat constitute a truly intelligent machineIs Brooks’ approach effective to create machines which are truly intelligent and what obstacles foreseen in his approach? What is Artificial Intelligence Artificial intelligence (AI) is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. We will write a custom essay sample on Intelligence without representation or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is related to the similar task of using computers to understand human intelligence, but AI does not have to confine itself to methods that are biologically observable. AI is a field in computer science seeking to create a computer system capable of sensing the world around it, understanding conversations, learning, reasoning, and reaching decisions, just as would a human. AI is a combination of computer science, physiology, and philosophy. AI is a broad topic, consisting of different fields, from machine vision to expert systems. The element that the fields of AI have in common is the creation of machines that can â€Å"think†. In order to classify machines as â€Å"thinking†, it is necessary to define intelligence. To what degree does intelligence consist of, for example, solving complex problems, or making generalizations and relationshipsResearch into the areas of learning, of language, and of sensory perception has aided scientists in building intelligent machines. One of the most challenging approaches facing experts is building systems that mimic the behaviour of the human brain, made up of billions of neurons, and arguably the most complex matter in the universe. AI has come a long way from its early roots, driven by dedicated researchers. AI really began to intrigue researchers with the invention of the computer in 1943. In 1950, Alan Turing proposed a test for artificial intelligence in which a human being is asked to talk with an unseen conversant. The tester sends questions to the machine via teletype and reads its answers; if the subject cannot distinguish whether the conversation is being held with another human being or a machine, then the machine is deemed to have artificial intelligence. No machine has come close to passing this test, and it is unlikely that one will in the near future. Researchers, however, have made progress on specific pieces of the artificial intelligence puzzle, and some of their work has had substantial benefits. One area of progress is the field of expert systems, or computer systems designed to reproduce the knowledge base and decision-making techniques used by experts in a given field. Such a system can train workers and assist in decision making. MYCIN, a program developed in 1976 at Stanford University, suggests possible diagnoses for patients with infectious blood diseases, proposes treatments, and explains its â€Å"reasoning† in English. Corporations have used such systems to reduce the labour costs involved in repetitive calculations. A system used by American Express since November 1988 to advise when to deny credit to a customer saves the company millions of dollars annually. A second area of artificial intelligence research is the field of artificial perception, or computer vision. Computer vision is the ability to recognize patterns in an image and to separate objects from background as quickly as the human brain. In the 1990s military technology initially developed to analyze spy-satellite images found its way into commercial applications, including monitors for assembly lines, digital cameras, and automotive imaging systems. Another pursuit in artificial intelligence research is natural language processing, the ability to interpret and generate human languages. In this area, as in others related to artificial intelligence research, commercial applications have been delayed as improvements in hardware—the computing power of the machines themselves—have not kept pace with the increasing complexity of software. The field of neural networks seeks to reproduce the architecture of the brain—billions of connected nerve cells—by joining a large number of computer processors through a technique known as parallel processing. A fuzzy systems is a subset of artificial intelligence research based on the assumption that the world encountered by humans is filled with approximate rather than precise information. Interest in the field has been particularly strong in Japan, where fuzzy systems have been used in different applications, from operating subway cars to guiding the sale of securities. Some theorists argue that the technical obstacles to artificial intelligence, while large, are not attainable. A number of computer experts, philosophers and futurists have speculated on the ethical and spiritual challenges facing society when artificial intelligent machines begin to mimic human personality traits, including memory, emotion, and consciousness. Brooks’ vision Professor Rodney Brooks stated in his report his approach of creating artificial intelligence as [1]: We must incrementally build up the capabilities of intelligent systems, having complete systems at each step of the way and thus automatically ensure that the pieces and their interfaces are valid. At each step we should build complete intelligent systems that we let loose in the real world with real sensing and real action. Anything less provides a candidate with which we can delude ourselves. He backed his approach by claiming to have [1] built series of autonomous mobile robots following this approach and made mention to have reached an unexpected conclusion (C) and have a rather radical hypothesis (H). (C)When we examine very simple level intelligence we find that explicit representations and models of the world simply get in the way. It turns out to be better to use the world as its own model. (H) Representation is the wrong unit of abstraction in building the bulkiest parts of intelligent systems. Brooks’ Approach Incremental Intelligence Brooks stated in his desire to build completely autonomous mobile agents that co-exist in the world with humans and they shall be seen by human beings as intelligent beings in their own right. He called such agents Creatures. He declared this as his intellectual motivation however, immediately declared his non-particular interest in demonstrating how human beings work. You read "Intelligence without representation" in category "Essay examples" Having considered the parable of the AF researchers, he convinces himself to tread carefully in the endeavour to avoid some nasty pitfalls. He considered the problem of building these Creatures as an engineering problem. He then stated some of the requirements he needed in order to build these Creatures as: A Creature must cope appropriately and in a timely fashion with changes in its dynamic environment. A Creature should be robust with respect to its environment; minor changes in the properties of the world should not lead to total collapse of the Creature’s behaviour; rather one should expect only a gradual change in capabilities of the Creature as the environment changes more and more. A Creature should be able to maintain multiple goals and, depending on the circumstances it finds itself in, change which particular goals it is actively pursuing; thus it can both adapt to surroundings and capitalize on fortuitous circumstances. A Creature should do something in the world; it should have some purpose in being. Having set out all the requirements he needed to build the Creature, he then considered some of the valid engineering approaches needed in achieving these requirements. He stated that it is [1] necessary to decompose a complex system into parts, build the parts, then interface them into a complete system. Decomposition by function Traditionally, the notion of intelligent systems has been of a central system with perceptual modules as inputs and action modules as outputs. The perceptual modules deliver a symbolic description of the world and the action modules take a symbolic description of desired actions and make sure they happen in the world. This makes the central system a symbolic information processor. Brooks argued that the central system be decomposed into smaller pieces. He also stressed that when researchers working on a particular module get to choose both the inputs and the outputs that specify the module requirements he believe there is little chance the work they do will fit into a complete intelligent system. He made mention of a bug in the functional decomposition approach which is hard to fix and admitted the need of a long chain of modules to connect perception to action. He rounded up decomposition by function saying these modules must be built first in order to test any of them but emphasis that until realistic modules are built it is highly unlikely that they can predict exactly what modules will be need or what interfaces the Creatures will need. Decomposition by activity This is an alternative decomposition aforementioned which makes no distinction between peripheral systems, such as vision and central systems. Rather the fundamental slicing up of an intelligent system is in the orthogonal direction dividing it into activity producing subsystems. Each activity or behaviour producing system individually connects sensing to action. This activity producing system is referred to as layer. An activity is said to be a pattern of interactions with the world. Another name for these activities is said to be skill. The word activity was chosen however, because the layers must decide when to act for themselves, not by some subroutine to be invoked at the beck and call of some other later. Brooks gave an advantage of this approach as giving an incremental path from very simple systems to complex autonomous intelligent systems. He stressed the necessity of building one small piece at each step of the way and interfacing it to an existing, working, complete intelligence. No Representation versus No Central Representation Another Brooks’ approach is to eliminate the idea of having a central representation or central system. He said and I quote â€Å"Each activity producing layer connects perception to action directly. It is only the observer of the Creature who imputes a central representation or central control. The Creature itself has none; it is a collection of competing behaviours. Out of the local chaos of their interactions there emerges, in the eye of an observer, a coherent pattern of behaviour. There is no central purposeful locus of control.† He claimed however, that there need be no explicit representation of either the world or the intentions of the system to generate intelligent behaviours for a Creature. He acknowledged the fact that an extremist might say that his approach do have representations however, swiftly defended his approach by claiming that are just explicit. He differentiates his approach from the standard representation by claiming; No variables need instantiation in reasoning processes. No rules which need to be selected through pattern matching. No choice to be made. To a large extent the state of the world determines the action of the Creature. The methodology, in practice In order for Brooks to build systems based on activity decomposition so that they are truly robust he stated that they must follow a careful methodology. Methodological maxims First, it is vitally important to test the Creatures they build in the real world; i.e., in the same world that we humans inhabit. He also point out that it is disastrous to fall into the temptation of testing them in a simplified world first, even with the best intentions of later transferring activity to an unsimplified world. With a simplified world (matte painted walls, rectangular vertices everywhere, colour blocks as the only obstacles) it is very easy to accidentally build a submodule of the system which happens to rely on some of those simplified properties. This reliance can then easily be reflected in the requirements on the interfaces between that submodule and others. Second, as each layer is built it must be tested extensively in the real world. The system must interact with the real world over extended periods. Its behaviour must be observed and be carefully and thoroughly debugged. When a second layer is added to an existing layer there are three potential sources of bugs: the first layer, the second layer, or the interaction of the two layers. Eliminating the first of this source of bugs as a possibility makes finding bugs much easier. Furthermore, there is only one thing possible to vary in order to fix the bugs—the second layer. Truly Intelligent Machine Conclusion References [1] Brooks, R. (1991). Intelligence without representation. Artificial Intelligence 47 , 139-159. Bibliography Kurzweil, Ray. The Age of Spiritual Machines. New York: Viking, 1999. Partridge, Derek. A New Guide to Artificial Intelligence. Norwood, N.J.: Ablex, 1991. Shapiro, Stuart C., ed. Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence. 2d ed. New York: Wiley, 1992. Turbam, Efraim. Expert Systems and Applied Artificial Intelligence. New York: MacMillan, 1992. http://www.answers.com/topic/artificial-intelligence How to cite Intelligence without representation, Essay examples

Death Penalty Essay Against Example For Students

Death Penalty Essay Against Illinois, Citing Faulty Verdicts, Bars ExecutionsBy DIRK JOHNSON SPRINGFIELD, IL (AP) Citing a shameful record of convicting innocent people and putting them on death row, Gov. George Ryan of Illinois today halted all executions in the state, the first such moratorium in the nation. Governor Ryan, a moderate Republican who supports the death penalty but questions its administration, noted that 13 men had been sentenced to death in Illinois since 1977 for crimes they did not commit, before ultimately being exonerated and freed by the courts. I cannot support a system, which, in its administration, has proven so fraught with error, he said, and has come so close to the ultimate nightmare, the states taking of innocent life. Opponents of the death penalty, who said mistaken convictions like those discovered in Illinois were common throughout the nation, hailed the move. Since 1973, 85 people have been found to be innocent and released from death row. The Nebraska Legislature passed a mo ratorium on executions last year, citing concerns of racial disparity in sentencing, but the governor vetoed it. Bills that would halt executions are pending in 12 states. In Oregon, an anti-death-penalty group led by Mark Hatfield, a former Republican senator and governor, hopes to put a measure on the ballot that would eliminate executions and instead provide for sentences of life without parole. More than 600 inmates have been put to death since 1977, when the Supreme Court allowed the reinstatement of the death penalty. The death penalty is on the law books in 38 states. The Midwest has traditionally been a center of opposition to the death penalty. It is not allowed in Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota or Wisconsin. In Illinois, about 150 inmates are on death row; none had an execution date. Governor Ryans announcement of a moratorium met with little public criticism here, a measure of how public outrage over the wrongful convictions has changed the political landscape on the issue in this state. Until I can be sure that everyone sentenced to death in Illinois is truly guilty, until I can be sure with moral certainty that no innocent man or woman is facing a lethal injection, no one will meet that fate, the governor said. Mr. Ryan resisted calls for a moratorium last year, but he said that continuing evidence of flaws in the system, including still more reversals of convictions, had persuaded him to impose a moratorium. One of the leading voices for a moratorium has been that of Mayor Richard M. Daley of Chicago, who, while he was Cook County States Attorney in the 1980s, prosecuted some of the death penalty cases that later were overturned. Mayor Daley now contends that prosecutors did nothing improper in these cases but that defense lawyers were often poorly financed and sometimes incompetent. In nine of the reversed Illinois cases, students and professors at Northwestern University unearthed pivotal evidence that freed the men from death row. Law rence Marshall, a law professor at Northwestern who is director of the Center for Wrongful Convictions at the university, said that the mistakes unearthed in Illinois surely existed in other states. This should not be seen as an Illinois problem, Professor Marshall said. What happened here is that we got lucky in the first few cases, and found the evidence? After that, people were more willing to take a second look at other cases. The willingness in Illinois to examine such cases, Mr. Marshall said, means that letters from inmates protesting innocence are not ignored. The political climate has changed here, he said. There has been an astonishing recognition that innocent people are being sent to death row. So now people are re-examining cases in Illinois that would not be re-examined in other states. While Illinois seems to have become a center of debate over the death penalty, the issue is gaining resonance around the nation, after many years in which it was seen as essentially a d ead letter in American politics. Besides the halt on executions here, and the vetoed moratorium in Nebraska, the death penalty has been the focus of intense scrutiny in Florida and other states. Last year, in a visit to the United States, Pope John Paul II called on Catholics to oppose the death penalty. And a new movie, Hurricane, examines the life of a man, Rubin Carter, who was sent to death row for a crime he did not commit. People are starting to raise more concerns about the death penalty, said Steven Hawkins, the executive director of the National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. Its becoming obvious that mistakes can be made, and innocent people can be sent to death row. While the wrongful convictions in Illinois have generated intense scrutiny and debate, Florida has had 18-death row cases reversed, the most of any state. Governor Ryan, who said he would appoint a panel to study death penalty sentences, heads the Illinois campaign for Gov. George W. Bush of Texas, th e state that executes more people than any other. I believe that a public dialogue must begin on the question of fairness of the application of the death penalty in Illinois, Mr. Ryan said. In about a year as governor, Mr. Ryan has taken some actions that have put him at odds with conservatives in his party. He has called for strict gun control, expressed support for the civil rights of gays and traveled to Cuba and met with Fidel Castro. Some suburban and downstate lawmakers complain that Mr. Ryan has maintained too cozy a political relationship with Mayor Daley, a Democrat. Mr. Ryan has lately been beleaguered by an investigation into a bribery scandal at drivers license bureaus that occurred during his watch as the Illinois secretary of state. While Mr. Ryan has not been charged with wrongdoing, one of his top aides is expected to be indicted. Seventeen people have pleaded guilty to taking bribes to fix drivers license exams, and some of the money went to Mr. Ryans campaign. Sinc e 1977, Illinois has executed 12 inmates, the most recent in March 1999, the lethal injection of Andrew Kokoraleis, and a suburban Chicago man who had been convicted of an especially grisly murder. The Cook County States Attorneys Office has instituted special internal reviews for all cases that would be eligible for the death penalty. The prosecutors office, which is headed by Richard Devine, a Democrat, has not called for an execution date since April 1998. David Erickson, the first assistant states attorney, said the governors call for a moratorium was appropriate. The easy thing would have been to finger-point, and the governor did not do that, Mr. Erickson said. If something has fallen apart here, it is a systemic problem. .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843 , .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843 .postImageUrl , .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843 , .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843:hover , .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843:visited , .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843:active { border:0!important; } .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843:active , .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843 .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u99bfa2ecccce166dffebbe0d111e6843:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Case for Microsoft Essay

Self-reports in psychology Essay Example

Self-reports in psychology Paper Using examples, discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the use of self-reports in psychology.  One of the strengths of using self-reports as a method of data collection in psychology is that, if we are to believe the cognitive approach, this is the only way in which we can extract information about the way a person thinks. To clinically interview a person, such as in Ellis’ study on Rational Analysis as a means of treating an affective disorder can provide important information about the individual that otherwise cannot be seen, as the cognitive approach believes that mental processes, or cognitions, are hypothetical constructs and the only way we can establish reasons for behaviour is to ask the individual themselves. Another strength of self-reports in psychology is that you can collect both quantitative and qualitative data from them. With the use of closed questions whereby predetermined answers are provided (multiple choice questionnaires, e.g. a Likert scale), researchers can collect quantified measurements of the number of people who chose a certain answer, like in Holmes Rà ¤he’s study of Life Changing Events, where the majority of participants rated the bereavement of a spouse/partner as the hardest thing to adjust to on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS), giving in a collective rating of 100/100. With open questions however, there is room for elaboration, meaning the participants can explain and illustrate reasons behind their decision to, for example, strongly agree/disagree with a statement the questionnaire makes, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Self-reports in psychology specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Self-reports in psychology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Self-reports in psychology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A weakness of the self report method however is the introduction of social desirability. In almost all studies on medical adherence there is a worry of social desirability affecting the answers. In Becker’s study into providing empirical evidence for the support of his Health Belief Model, he conducted self-reports on the mothers of asthmatic children and whether they stuck to their child’s prescribed regimens. It could be argued here that the mothers may have lied about their adherence to the regimen in order to make themselves appear a responsible mother who, regardless of interferences, gave their child their prescribed regimen of asthma medication. A further weakness of self-reports in psychology is that there is no real way of making self-reports ecologically valid as answering questionnaires about psychological research is not something humans regularly involve themselves with. In almost all studies, but particularly studies like Farrington, et al.’s into delinquent development, where ecological validity can be considered relatively high, the use of self-reports interviews during the participants development into an adult reduce the ecological validity as the participants had to be contacted and visited to conduct the interview, thus making self-reports’ ecological validity a limitation in psychology.

Essay Samples For Class - How Do You Know Which Ones Are Best?

Essay Samples For Class - How Do You Know Which Ones Are Best?If you're wondering about the best essay samples for class then you've come to the right place. People have different opinions on what they believe is the best way to write an essay and at times they can get angry because of their opinion. Well, I will present to you the very best examples for you to study.As I said before, there is no one method that is the best for every individual. What's best for someone else may not be good for you. The most important thing in studying for an essay is to remember that you're only trying to impress people. That means, if you're not an expert, then please don't be negative.The best way to study for an essay is to look up your college English teachers who will have some great tips on what they do when writing their own essays. I've compiled a list of the top 5 most influential writers who are used in my classes and one thing I did was to compare their techniques.One of the easiest method s to use is the Word Breaks method. This method has been proven by many people to be very effective. I think it's a must that you try this method out because when you write it will make a huge difference.So, as a British writer, as well as a college English teacher, I wanted to do something for my students so I did some research to find out exactly how effective it was. Now, the interesting thing is that the results were surprising! One of the most influential writers of all time used the Word Breaks method.I got a lot of emails from other English writers thanking me for helping them improve their essays. I have personally never used this method, but a lot of my students swear by it.Now, if you haven't done it yet, start thinking about where you are going to find examples. Look for resources which are written in a similar manner to what you want to create.

Dolce and Gabbanas Fingerprint

Dolce and Gabbanas Fingerprint Dolce and Gabbana’s market section entails customers above the age of twenty-five coming from a stable and preferably strong financial background (Vivanco 15). Dolce and Gabbana’s target market is the top and wealthy class of societies from across the globe interested in stylish, classy, and fashionable commodities. Dolce and Gabbana’s positioning involves stylish, contemporary, distinctive, and creative luxuries with class.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Dolce and Gabbana’s Fingerprint specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The luxury cursor as applied to Dolce and Gabbana Social motion pictures are a more popular strategy amongst luxury organizations today than they have ever been. However, it might be hard to steer transactions solely based on social motion pictures (Vivanco 40). In addition, contributing an economic option to a YouTube channel is a simple method of bringing customers to a w ebsite and purchase apparel and accessories that they recently viewed in the social video. This is Dolce and Gabbana’s luxury cursor (Vivanco 41). Dolce and Gabbana branded a YouTube channel that permits a video-instilled experience that incorporates rich factors of narration, appropriateness, and marketing for ecommerce through elegant banners. Contemporary society thrives in an era of multiplatform utility and Dolce and Gabbana makes a stylish editorial the same as the likes of Vogue, W, V, and interview magazine (Vivanco 77). Consecutively, clicking on other parts of Dolce and Gabbana’s YouTube channel highlights thumbnail still pictures from every video. Browsing through these videos with a cursor also highlights the video title and other information. Dolce and Gabbana’s used to employ digital efforts with a range of objectives in mind in the course of the second quarter of 2012. Nonetheless, it is definite that email, site, and social media are more overbea ring to a contemporary promotion plan in 2013 than 2012 (Vivanco 107). Eventually, these efforts can make a 360-degree brand message stronger than other brands. Italian fashion brand Dolce and Gabbana recently retooled its YouTube channel to give the appearance and experience a lift of the brand world. The organization managed to make these changes by applying stylish artistic and clear journalistic lines, per Dolce and Gabbana (Vivanco 109). The Dolce and Gabbana YouTube channel runs on featured motion pictures, collections, movements, splendor, friends and occasions, visions and accessories. The channel enables users to browse through each highlighted video using the arrows on the section (Roberts 2013). On the other hand, clicking on other sections highlights thumbnail unmoving images from every video. Browsing over the motion pictures using a cursor highlights the title and also provides other information about the video (Vivanco 110). For example, the ecommerce section of Dolce and Gabbana youtube channel attracts buyers straight to the Dolce and Gabbana site.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From here, the buyers can peruse through various drifts. Dolce and Gabbana appears to be trailblazing this marvel that is on the verge of raising ecommerce dealings, particularly when buyers simply watched a motion picture that gets them in the spending frame of mind. SWOT Analysis Strengths Dolce and Gabbana is a robust brand status. Dolce and Gabbana’s biggest market section comprises of loyal customers. Dolce and Gabbana has creative and exclusive commodities appropriate for people’s preference for change and quality launched often (Vivanco 158). Dolce and Gabbana has a huge collection of brands. Weaknesses All of Dolce and Gabbana commodities are costly, which limits its consumer base to the wealthy and classy group of society. Dolc e and Gabbana’s operations are highly dependent on economic fluctuations. As a result, Dolce and Gabbana has greater sales when the market settings are improved and vice versa than when the market is in turmoil (Vivanco 161). Dolce and Gabbana faces strong rivalry from other luxury brands such as Louie Vuitton and Gucci. Opportunities Dolce and Gabbana has an expanding market in the luxury section in financial systems such as India and China (Vivanco 166). Dolce and Gabbana has commodity and services growth across the globe. Dolce and Gabbana has a high innovation rate in commodities. Threats Dolce and Gabbana faces a lot of robust rivals competing in terms of creativity, elegance, and stylishness. Dolce and Gabbana finds it hard to break the loyalty of consumers from other brands (Vivanco 169). Dolce and Gabbana makes large investments in marketing of its brands. Dolce and Gabbana Future The designers of Dolce and Gabbana may have to reduce their anger when it comes to deali ng with rivalry and media controversies (Roberts 2013). This is because Dolce and Gabbana has a record of poor public relations, which is a disadvantage for a company trying to penetrate new markets (Vivanco 185). Dolce and Gabbana has a record of poor public relations because the organization was forced to close stores in Milan in july 2013 because of public criticism (Roberts 2013). The organization was compelled to put up signs of â€Å"closed for indignation,† which escalated the problem of public criticism instead of solving it.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Dolce and Gabbana’s Fingerprint specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In order to prevent future exhibition signs of indignation shutdowns, Dolce and Gabbana may have to avoid any other form of confrontation with rival organizations apart from demand and supply. Dolce and Gabbana may also become reluctant out of all proportion of suffering the al legations of the tax organizations and the Italian income returns authorities (Roberts 2013). For instance, Dolce and Gabbana’s owners were convicted of more than  £860 million of tax avoidance (Roberts 2013). Dolce and Gabbana may not succeed penetrating new markets if it does not stop these convictions from public figures and the ongoing media humiliation. Roberts, Hannah. Dolce Gabbana close their Milan shops in protest at being pilloried over tax evasion convictions. Mail Online, 19 Jul. 2013. Web. Vivanco, Mariano. Dolce Gabbana Uomini. New York: Rizzoli International Publications, Incorporated, 2011. Print.

The 12 Days of Christmas in Spanish

The 12 Days of Christmas in Spanish Here are Spanish lyrics for The 12 Days of Christmas, a carol that has been sung in the English-speaking world since at least the 16th century. Los 12 das de Navidad El primer dà ­a de Navidad, mi amor me mandà ³una perdiz picando peras del peral. El segundo dà ­a de Navidad, mi amor me mandà ³dos tortolitas y una perdiz picando peras del peral. El tercer dà ­a de Navidad, mi amor me mandà ³tres gallinitas, dos tortolitas y una perdiz picando peras del peral. El cuarto dà ­a de Navidad, mi amor me mandà ³cuatro pajaritos, tres gallinitas, dos tortolitas y una perdiz picando peras del peral. El quinto dà ­a de Navidad, mi amor me mandà ³cinco anillos dorados, cuatro pajaritos, tres gallinitas, dos tortolitas y una perdiz picando peras del peral. El sexto dà ­a de Navidad, mi amor me mandà ³seis mam gansas, cinco anillos dorados, cuatro pajaritos, tres gallinitas, dos tortolitas y una perdiz picando peras del peral. El sà ©ptimo dà ­a de Navidad, mi amor me mandà ³siete cisnitos, seis mam gansas, cinco anillos dorados, cuatro pajaritos, tres gallinitas, dos tortolitas y una perdiz picando peras del peral. El octavo dà ­a de Navidad, mi amor me mandà ³ocho lecheritas, siete cisnitos, seis mam gansas, cinco anillos dorados, cuatro pajaritos, tres gallinitas, dos tortolitas y una perdiz picando peras del peral. El noveno dà ­a de Navidad, mi amor me mandà ³nueve bailarinas, ocho lecheritas, siete cisnitos, seis mam gansas, cinco anillos dorados, cuatro pajaritos, tres gallinitas, dos tortolitas y una perdiz picando peras del peral. El dà ©cimo dà ­a de Navidad, mi amor me mandà ³diez seà ±ores saltando, nueve bailarinas, ocho lecheritas, siete cisnitos, seis mam gansas, cinco anillos dorados, cuatro pajaritos, tres gallinitas, dos tortolitas y una perdiz picando peras del peral. El undà ©cimo dà ­a de Navidad, mi amor me mandà ³once gaiteritos, diez seà ±ores saltando, nueve bailarinas, ocho lecheritas, siete cisnitos, seis mam gansas, cinco anillos dorados, cuatro pajaritos, tres gallinitas, dos tortolitas y una perdiz picando peras del peral. El duodà ©cimo dà ­a de Navidad, mi amor me mandà ³doce tamborileros, once gaiteritos, diez seà ±ores saltando, nueve bailarinas, ocho lecheritas, siete cisnitos, seis mam gansas, cinco anillos dorados, cuatro pajaritos, tres gallinitas, dos tortolitas y una perdiz picando peras del peral. Grammar and Vocabulary Notes Primer, segundo, tercer, etc.:  These are the words for  first, second, third, etc.  Primer  is a  shortened form  of  primero, and  tercer  is a shortened form of  tercero. They are shortened in this manner when appearing before a singular masculine noun. The forms used here for 11th and 12th are not common in spoken in Spanish. Dà ­a:  Dà ­a, meaning day, is an  exception  to the rule that nouns ending in  -a  are masculine. Navidad: This word can refer not only to Christmas Day but also to the season in general. Amor:  This is the word for love. It can refer not only to the emotion, but also to a person such as a sweetheart. It is related to the verb  amar. The noun  remains masculine even when it refers to a girl or woman. Mandà ³:  Mandà ³Ã‚  is a past-tense form of  mandar, which most often means to mandate or to order, but in this case means to send. Perdiz:  A partridge or ptarmigan. Picando:  This is  present participle  of  picar, which can mean to bite or to peck at. So a literal translation of this line would be a partridge pecking at pears of the pear tree. Note that here  the present participle functions as an adjective. In standard Spanish, the present participle acts as an adverb, but adjectival use such as this is sometimes used in poetry, journalistic writing, and translations from English. Pera, peral:  Pear, pear tree. The  suffix  -al  often refers to a tree or grove of trees. For example, an orange is a  naranja, while an orange grove is a  naranjal. Tortolita:  A name for numerous types of doves and related birds. Tortolita is a diminutive form of tà ³rtola, which can also refer to a turtledove. Diminutives such as this, while common in childrens music and literature, are not used extensively in serious contexts. Gallinita:  A  diminutive  form of  gallina, meaning hen.  Ã‚  A rooster is a  gallo. Pajarito:  A  diminutive  form of  pjaro, meaning bird. This could be translated as birdie. Anillo:  A ring. Dorado:  Golden. The word comes from ​dorar.  a verb that means to coat something with gold or to turn something brown. The word for gold is oro. Mam gansas:  About the only place youll find this phrase in Spanish is in this song - it means mother geese, but you normally wouldnt say it this way (one way would be  gansas madre).  Mam Gansa  and  Mam Ganso, however, are common ways of translating Mother Goose. Cisnito:  A  diminutive  form of  cisne, swan. Lecherita:  A  lechera  is a female who works with milk, usually someone who sells milk, but in context it could be one who milks cows.  Lecherita  is a  diminutive  form. Bailarina:  A female dancer, frequently referring to a ballet dancer. It is derived from bailar, the verb meaning to dance. Seà ±or:  Although this word is often used nowadays as a courtesy title translated as Mr., it can also refer to a lord.   Saltando:  The  present participle  of  saltar, to jump. Gaiterito:  A  diminutive  form of  gaitero, a piper. The related word gaita can refer to instruments such as flutes and bagpipes. Tamborilero:  A drummer. The related words tambor and tambora can also be used to refer to drums and drummers.